Win10下Linux dual system installation tutorial

First, preparation

1. Hardware: a Windows10 computer and a usb flash drive with at least 8 gb memory

2. Software: Image files and startup disks required for subsequent operations

(1) Download the ISO image of Ubuntu20.04 system, the author chose the official installation website of Ubuntu20.04

As the Ubuntu server exnet, the domestic network speed is very slow, here recommend domestic Ali cloud mirror website: domestic mirror

Click can use thunderbolt tool download, generally can download more than ten minutes to complete

(2) Make a startup disk

Before installing dual OS, we need to make sure whether the boot mode of the original Windows OS is Legacy or UEFI. This depends on whether the boot mode of usb flash drive is Legacy or UEFI. If the two are inconsistent, then we must enter the BIOS interface after boot, and then select the operating system we open, and then boot again. So for our future happiness development, we must confirm this step first.

How to view the original Windows boot mode

1) Press Win + R to start running, enter MSinfo32, confirm, and open system information

2) Check the BIOS mode: Legacy BIOS; UEFI – UEFI

Generally speaking, new computers now use UEFI boot mode. In order to adapt to the OPERATING system of Win8 and Win10, most of the operating systems before Win7 do not support UEFI boot mode. This tutorial only looks at UEFI boot mode, please click the “×” button on the top right to find other tutorials.

Then we can make UEFI boot usb drive. Make boot disk software url

After downloading, plug in our USB drive, open Rufus, select the ISO file we have downloaded, and click Start

Click OK

This operation will format the USB flash drive, please back up important data files before operation, and then click OK, wait for the software to copy the ISO file to your USB flash drive, and then our boot disk is finished

3. Disk preparation: Prepare disk partitions for the Ubuntu system

Points dish to prepare

1) Press Win + X to open disk Management, and then select the disk you want to separate from the following, the author here is the disk D, select the disk, right-click and choose compressed volume

Then input the disk you want to allocate in the box, allocate as needed, I have enough disk space, so allocate 200GB, and select compress

And then you can free up an unallocated space

** Note: ** there is no need to create a new simple volume in this unallocated area in order to partition the Ubuntu system later. At this point, our early preparation work to this end

Two, install the system

** Reminder: ** Before installing a new system, be sure to back up the important data in the original system disk to prevent installation failure and data loss

1. Insert the USB disk, restart the computer, and frantically press the hotkey of the computer when the icon appears after the computer starts. The hotkey of the author’s computer is F12. The following screen will appear in successful cases

Use the up and down arrow to select the USB drive, which is usually the brand name of your USB drive, or some flash or USB name, then move the cursor over it and press Enter (UEFI in front is the boot mode of the USB drive).

If you, like me, have been unable to access this interface through hotkeys, don’t despair, we can solve this problem by changing the boot order of the computer system through BIOS mode. Different computer BIOS hotkeys are del, F2, F7, F10, etc

When the author is trying to press several kinds of keys continuously at the same time, finally entered the BIOS interface

Use the → right arrow and press all the way to Boot

We can see that the current first order is [Windows Boot Manager], this is the Win10 system we are using now, and our USB disk is the third order. Now control the cursor to Option #1 and press Enter

Let’s select the operating system for Option #1, and then move the cursor over the usb drive to change the boot order

When you are done, Save the change, move the cursor left And right to Exit, select Save Changes And Reset, And press Enter again to confirm the change. The system automatically exits the Bios interface, and then enters the system inside the boot disk. After a few minutes of preparation, we’ll be able to enjoy the Ubuntu interface for the first time.

Can not connect the network for the next step, this step is related to the next system software installation, the author in order to save trouble to connect the network first

Then we move to the step where we need to make the most serious decisions, following the previous series of deployments, where we select other options

After that, we will go through the steps of selecting partitions for Ubuntu. There are many partitions for different people, so it is recommended that you consult the information before this step and choose the most suitable partition scheme for yourself.

partition

Can see in my computer disk fragments scattered, but it’s not important, it’s important that we can be found inside the equipment will be a large capacity of free area, the author of this size is 209716 MB, just 200 G corresponding to the front, the author points out, then we selected the free, click on the lower left corner, +. Start setting the capacity of each partition. If you want to modify your own partition, click the disk of your new partition, and then click Change. If you want to delete your new partition, click the – sign. The modification of this step does not affect the next step.

The following is the author according to their own requirements of the partition distribution, for reference only

Linux kernel and boot system procedures required files

** Note: Tutorials on the ** web generally do not use the EFI partition as a partition for system boot files, but instead use the /boot partition. In fact, both of them have the same functions. However, GRUB is selected for boot by default, while EFI is UEFI mode. Compared with GRUB, EFI saves the steps of reconfiguring boot mode, but both of them can achieve the same functions. The author of this step of the tutorial mainly reference this big guy

If the above configuration is complete and EFI is selected, you also need to change the boot device at the bottom of the form to the EFI partition you just set.

The configuration results are as follows:

After a long wait, configure your user data, and the system will prompt you to restart the computer. Then unplug your boot disk, and the dual-system interface will be displayed

Choose the first system by default, and you will be greeted with the second system of your computer

Success!