The Python Django framework +vue.js is a front-end separation

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This article is used to learn how to use Django +vue.js to achieve web front-end separation collaborative development. Take an example of an application that adds and removes database books.

Django framework official address: www.djangoproject.com/

The official address of vue.js framework is cn.vuejs.org/

First, build a Django project

1. Create project files and apps

Create django_vue

django-admin startproject django_vue
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Go to django_vue and create the virtual environment django_vue_env

pip install virtualenv  # installation
virtualenv django_vue_env
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Activate the virtual environment and install Django

source ./django_vue_env/bin/activate
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Install Django and django-comms-headers (cross-domain), requests

Create a django app

python manage.py startapp app
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Our directory should look like this, and the Appfront for the vue project will be created later.

Sqlite3 is the default database. If you need to change databases, you can configure databases in setting.py.

Add app to INSTALLED_APPS

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin'.'django.contrib.auth'.'django.contrib.contenttypes'.'django.contrib.sessions'.'django.contrib.messages'.'django.contrib.staticfiles'.'app'
]

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Add the database model with book_name and add_time to record the book name and add time.

from django.db import models



# Create your models here.
class Book(models.Model) :
    book_name = models.CharField(max_length=64)
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)

    def __str__(self) :
        return self.book_name

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Do database migration

python manage.py makemigrations app
python manage.py migrate
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Add show_books and add_book apis to views.py, and return the request data through JsonResponse.

from django.shortcuts import render

# Create your views here.
# Need to import related modules
from django.http import JsonResponse
from django.views.decorators.http import require_http_methods
from django.core import serializers
import requests
import json

from .models import Book

@require_http_methods(["GET"])
def add_book(request) :
    response = {}
    try:
        book = Book(book_name=request.GET.get('book_name'))
        book.save()
        response['msg'] = 'success'
        response['error_num'] = 0
    except  Exception as e:
        response['msg'] = str(e)
        response['error_num'] = 1

    return JsonResponse(response)

@require_http_methods(["GET"])
def show_books(request) :
    response = {}
    try:
        books = Book.objects.filter()
        response['list']  = json.loads(serializers.serialize("json", books))
        response['msg'] = 'success'
        response['error_num'] = 0
    except  Exception as e:
        response['msg'] = str(e)
        response['error_num'] = 1

    return JsonResponse(response)

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Add API routing to urls.py in django_vue directory

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path,include
import app.urls

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('api/',include(app.urls)),
]
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Add view routing to urls.py in the app directory

from django.urls import path,re_path
# Import myApp views file
from . import views

urlpatterns = [
    re_path(r'add_book$', views.add_book),
    re_path(r'show_books$', views.show_books)
]

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Restart the service and run the curl command to test the AVAILABILITY of the API. The following interfaces are normal:

Python manage. Py runserver then executes the curl http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/add_book? Book_name = mylife {" MSG ":" success ", "error_num: 0} {curl http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/show_books" list ": [{" model" : "App. The book", "pk" : 9, "fields" : {" book_name ":" mylife ", "add_time" : "the 2021-06-16 T14:44:49. 230 z"}}], "MSG" : "success", "error_num": 0}Copy the code

With the Django back end roughly built, next up is the VUE front end.

I. Build the VUE project

Install vUE. Initialize the command line tool vue- CLI

npm install -g vue-cli
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Build the front-end project AppFront in the django_vue directory, which includes the WebPack tools.

vue-init webpack appfront
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The AppFront directory is as follows

Install render element-UI, Vue-Resource

npm install element-ui
npm install vue-resource
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Adjust SRC /main.js as follows

import Vue from 'vue'
import App from './App'
import router from './router'
import ElementUI from 'element-ui'
import VueResource from 'vue-resource'
import 'element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css'

Vue.config.productionTip = false
Vue.use(ElementUI)
Vue.use(VueResource)
/* eslint-disable no-new */
new Vue({
  el: '#app',
  router,
  components: { App },
  template: '<App/>'
})

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Create a new home.vue in the SRC/Component directory with showBooks and addBook methods for API queries.

<template> <div class="home"> <el-row display="margin-top:10px"> <el-input V-model ="input" placeholder=" placeholder "> style="display:inline-table; width: 30%; float:left"></el-input> <el-button type="primary" @click="addBook()" style="float:left; margin: 2px;" > </ button> </ button> </ button> </ button> </ button> </ button> </ button> </ button> 100%" border> <el-table-column prop="id" label=" id" min-width="100"> <template scope="scope"> {{scope.row.pk}} </template> </el-table-column> <el-table-column prop="book_name" label=" min-width="100"> <template scope="scope"> {{ Scope.row.fields. Book_name}} </template> </el-table-column> <el-table-column prop="add_time" label=" add_time" min-width="100"> <template scope="scope"> {{ scope.row.fields.add_time }} </template> </el-table-column> </el-table> </el-row> </div> </template> <script> export default { name: 'home', data () { return { input: '', bookList: [], } }, mounted: function() { this.showBooks() }, methods: {{same () this. $HTTP. Get (' http://139.198.114.148:8000/api/add_book? book_name=' + this.input) .then((response) => { var res = JSON.parse(response.bodyText) if (res.error_num == 0) { This.showbooks ()} else {this.$message.error(' failed to add books, Try ') console.log(res[' MSG '])}})}, ShowBooks () {this. $HTTP. Get (' http://139.198.114.148:8000/api/show_books'). Then ((response) = > {var res = JSON.parse(response.bodyText) console.log(res) if (res.error_num == 0) { this.bookList = res['list'] } else { This. $message. Error (' query books failure) console. The log (res) [' MSG ']}})}}} < / script > <! -- Add "scoped" attribute to limit CSS to this component only --> <style scoped> h1, h2 { font-weight: normal; } ul { list-style-type: none; padding: 0; } li { display: inline-block; margin: 0 10px; } a { color: #42b983; } </style>Copy the code

We handle cross-domain issues with Django-comms-headers

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin'.'django.contrib.auth'.'django.contrib.contenttypes'.'django.contrib.sessions'.'django.contrib.messages'.'django.contrib.staticfiles'.'app'.'corsheaders', // add app]Copy the code

Add corsheaders middleware. Middleware. CorsMiddleware

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware'.'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware'.'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware'.'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware'.'corsheaders.middleware.CorsMiddleware'.'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware'.'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware'.'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',]Copy the code

Configure cross-domain rules in setting.py

CORS_ALLOW_METHODS = (
    'DELETE'.'GET'.'OPTIONS'.'PATCH'.'POST'.'PUT'.'VIEW',
)
  
CORS_ALLOW_HEADERS = (
    'accept'.'accept-encoding'.'authorization'.'content-type'.'dnt'.'origin'.'user-agent'.'x-csrftoken'.'x-requested-with'.)Copy the code

NPM run dev Starts the node server

Package the front end to the dist directory via NPM Run build for subsequent Django links.

Django links to the front end

Adjust the route to urls.py in django_vue as follows

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path,include
from django.views.generic importTemplateView // Import a generic viewimport app.urls

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('api/',include(app.urls)),
    path(' ',TemplateView.as_view(template_name="index.html")), // route to index.html]Copy the code

Add the static file address under setting.py

STATICFILES_DIRS = [(os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'appfront/dist/static')))Copy the code

Starting Django Services

python manage.py runserver
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Visit our Django address, which is now linked to the front end

Reference: github.com/rogerlh/dja…

Django-rest-framework creates restful apis
Django wsGI application

Feel free to point out any shortcomings in this article in the comments section.

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The Python Django framework +vue.js is a front-end separation

First, build a Django project

1. Create project files and apps

I. Build the VUE project

Django links to the front end

NEXT

The Python Django framework +vue.js is a front-end separation

First, build a Django project

1. Create project files and apps

I. Build the VUE project

Django links to the front end

NEXT

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