What programming languages to learn?
There are many ways to look at it, and many answers, depending on what you do next. For many, the criteria is simply “a language in high demand can lead to a high-paying job”. But this is not the case for everyone, as there are many other factors to consider.
Python, for example, is used in universities to teach students how to program, mainly because Python is so widely used that it is easy to grasp the concepts of programming. Python is a great place to start programming.
Swift, C#, Java, and JavaScript are great options for those planning a career in mobile application development. For web development, PHP, Java, Python, and Ruby on Rails are the first choices, supported by front-end technologies like CSS, HTML, and JavaScript.
SQL is the programming language to learn if you want to perform specialized tasks like accessing relational databases. SQL is not a language for developing applications, but for connecting applications to databases to support applications. Not to mention, SQL has become so widely used in many data-driven applications that the need for SQL now exceeds the need for worksheets.
If you are interested in hardware programming and want to develop embedded systems, operating systems, communication devices, or complex game engines, the language of choice is C/C++ (mainly C).
Let’s take a look at some of today’s most popular programming languages, their capabilities, learning curves, application areas, current needs, and future directions.
1. JavaScript- Multipurpose programming language
JavaScript is in high demand these days, and job sites are full of JavaScript and related technical job postings. JavaScript was designed by Brendan Eich to run in the Netscape browser, and he probably never dreamed it would take off like this.
JavaScript is the default language of the World Wide Web and the mainstream of WED front-end development. Almost every Web browser supports JavaScript. With the growth of Node.js, JavaScript has expanded to the server side and is now competing with Java,.NET, PHP, Ruby on Rails, and other server-side technologies.
In addition to front-end and server-side development, JavaScript is rapidly becoming a choice for mobile application development. Developers are also building hybrid mobile applications using many popular JavaScript frameworks, such as Ionic, Kendo UI and Sencha Touch.
Later, with frameworks like React Native (introduced by Facebook), JavaScript made its way back into Android and iOS native app development. JavaScript is everywhere! However, JavaScript alone won’t get you a high-paying development job; you’ll also need to learn javascripts based technologies, frameworks, and libraries, Node.js, React, React Native, Ionic, jQuery, d3.js, Kendo UI, etc. The choice of technology depends entirely on what you’re doing.
Speaking of learning JavaScript, it’s a dynamic programming language, and it’s very easy to learn. Once you’re familiar with the basics of JavaScript, you can easily choose related technologies like jQuery, Node.js, Angular, or React.
2. Python- The best language to learn programming
Python is another programming language that developers around the world are using for rapid application development. Python is a modular, easy-to-learn, object-oriented, high-level language with an emphasis on readability.
Python is widely used in education, Web and Internet development, science and numerical computing, big data, and machine learning algorithm development.
Python’s depth and breadth make it the language of choice for education and research, and students around the world use Python to learn programming and build research projects. For many computer programming students today, Python is the first language they learn.
Python is already widely used in Web and Internet development, and there are many popular frameworks like Django, Pyramid, Flask, and Bottle. Django CMS and Plone are two widely used Python-based content management systems that are used by many popular websites and Web applications.
Recently, demand for Python has grown because of the need for big data analytics and machine learning algorithms. Many open source libraries written in Python are capable of implementing core machine learning algorithms that are being widely used by data scientists. R is another language widely used in statistics and data science, but it has a tortuous learning curve.
Some popular Python libraries include Scipy for mathematics, engineering, and science, “Pandas” for library modeling and data analysis, and other very useful libraries such as iPython, Kivy, PyQt, and PySide.
3. Java- Popular programming language
Java is a popular programming language with enduring popularity and has been a darling of job recruitment for years. Released in 1990 by Sun Microsystems and later acquired by Oracle, Java’s philosophy was written once and run everywhere.
Java is widely used in Web development, enterprise software development, and Android application development. Java has been pushed to new heights by the growing demand for mobile applications running on the Android platform, which is why Java remains at the forefront of demand around the world.
Java is a high-level object-oriented programming language that is easier to learn than C++, but lacks the performance that C and C++ applications can provide. For this reason, Java is generally not used for building core engines, operating systems, or embedded system development.
4. SQL- Structured Query Language
Sql-structured Query Language (SQL) is a language that can be understood by databases.
SQL was developed by IBM engineers in 1970 to create, update, and retrieve data in a database management system called System R. SQL has evolved since then, and today it remains one of the most in-demand skills in the market.
In recent years, the need to use non-SQL databases to process big data has cast a shadow over SQL, but not for long. It wasn’t long before people realized that SQL was a better solution for big data analysis, a more scalable, verifiable, and time-tested technology.
SQL is a language used to aid in the development of data-driven websites, Web applications, desktop applications, and mobile applications. SQL can be found in any application domain. From a learning point of view, SQL is an easy language to master. Because SQL is also in high demand, you can get your first job with SQL alone.
However, to land a high-paying job, you need experience designing, managing, and maintaining databases such as Oracle, MySQL, PostgreSQL, IBM DB2, and Microsoft SQL Server.
5. C#- # 1 in Microsoft technology
C# is a general-purpose language that makes programming languages as simple as Java. C# is a type-safe, object-oriented programming language that runs in. Net framework runtime environment, C# code is compiled into cli-compliant IL language (intermediate language).
C# is fast becoming the language of choice for building all kinds of Microsoft family applications. You can use it to build client-server applications, database applications, web services, mobile applications, games, and more.
C# also has good applications in game development (advanced game development but not hardware core). The top game engine Unity 3D includes C# as one of the languages supported, while JavaScript is the only other language supported. C# is also the core language for many cross-platform app building tools such as Xamarin. You can use the Xamarin product suite to build cross-platform mobile applications.
For hard core terminal game development, C and C++ are still suitable, but assembly language is more suitable for game engine development. Rust also has a place in this area.
6. C/C++
Some say C++ is obsolete, but at the same time admit that it is still a classic. When it comes to programming hard core systems where performance is critical, C/C++ remains the programming language of choice. C is closer to hardware than C++ and has better performance.
Many developers choose Java after comparing the ease of development with C++ (and C). And in many cases, performance can be offset by more investment in the hardware component. This is not always the case; in embedded systems, for example, you need to manage a minimal set of hardware.
Are C and C++ still high-level programming languages? C/C++ has the best compiler, development environment, libraries, core development components and a large ecosystem that will be irreplaceable in the future. The demand for C/C++ remains high due to the existing ecosystem and high performance application requirements, and the salary scale for C/C++ developers is also very high.
7. Swift
Swift is a relatively new language and is rapidly catching on. Swift is a development language for Apple, available for iOS Apps, OS X Apps, watchOS Apps and tvOS Apps. Swift brings all the benefits of C and Objective-C and works well with Cocoa and Cocoa Touch.
Apple has a large ecosystem of its own, and Swift will undoubtedly be the language that will lead growth in the years to come. Swift is the language to learn if you plan to get your foot in the Apple ecosystem.
Swift is easy to learn and fun to use simply because it introduces all the features of rigorously typed languages like C, Java, and C ++ and is as easy and fun to use as any scripting language, such as Ruby or Python. You can try Swift in Swift PlayGrounds, don’t worry about compiling and running the app, and see the results in no time.
Apple claims Swift is the first industrial-quality system programming language, offering scripting languages like Syntax that make development very easy.
8. PHP
Many argue that PHP is not the future of programming languages, but the PHP ecosystem is huge and will need a large number of developers around the world to support it in the next few years. The top three content management systems – WordPress, Drupal and Joomla – are all built in PHP, which is now used by almost 80% of all websites. So PHP is really big!
PHP is an easy language to learn and can serve as your introduction to the programming world. PHP is also a language in high demand in the marketplace, and you’ll find many jobs that require PHP skills. Generally speaking, PHP developers are at the lower end of the salary scale compared to Java, C++, Python, or Swift developers.
The PHP ecosystem includes the top content management systems mentioned above (WordPress, Drupal, Joomla, etc.) and PHP frameworks (Laravel, Symfony, Yii, FuelPHP, etc.). These content management systems and frameworks enable developers to build ready-to-use websites and Web applications in a matter of days.
PHP has been eclipsed in recent years by node.js, Django, and Ruby on Rails, but PHP is improving, and newer versions can compete with emerging languages and technologies.
9. Ruby
Ruby is another simple open source, object-oriented, general-purpose programming language aimed at rapid application development. Ruby is best known for its popular framework Rails(Ruby on Rails), and Ruby is commonly used for Web programming.
Ruby is best suited for server-side programming, and companies like Bloomberg, Airbnb, Shopify, Hulu, and Slideshare have used it for one or more projects.
Is Ruby the best programming language to learn?
Ruby is often compared to Python in readability, and Ruby provides syntax similar to English, which makes Ruby a perfect candidate for learning your first programming language.
10. Rust Language
As a rising star,Rust has a good chance of becoming the next great thing. Rust is rapidly becoming an obsession, an obsession, and an obsession for hard-working core developers at a very rapid rate. While Rust is growing fast, the job market is not yet fully aware of it because it is a very new language and has yet to spread its roots deeper and wider.
Originally developed by Mozilla in 2010 as a research project by Graydon Hoare, Rust is now maintained by a well-liked developer community that is determined to take the language to the next level.
Rust is an underlying system programming language that aims at performance, security, and concurrency and is a good alternative to C/C++. In the past, C developers could practice using Rust to write operating systems, databases, embedded programming, core programs, and other system programming.
Rust is a modern language with the flexibility of a high-end language and the performance and control that a low-level language like C can provide.
Here are some other popular programming languages that give the top tier a run for their money.
GO programming language -GO is a relatively new language in the Google family and a good choice for Web server development, web development, and command-line development.
R- When it comes to data analysis and statistical software development, R is the language of choice. With the rise of big data and machine learning, R language continues to develop, and has launched fierce competition with Python and Matlab.
Perl-Perl is another popular language (one of the oldest) and is showing signs of a Renaissance. DevOps is catching on, and Perl is developing into DevOps’ favorite language. Keep an eye out for Perl, which could be the next big language like Python.
VisualBasic.net – VisualBasic.net is Microsoft’s object-oriented language suitable for development. Net programs, and specialized domain programs such as Web programs and XML Web services.
Haskell – Haskell rules the functional programming world. Functional programming takes on a completely different philosophy when compared to object-oriented programming. Functional programming has a good application in distributed system development, and the key of development is its parallel execution and parallelism. Artificial intelligence and mathematical computation is another area of functional programming, another area of Haskell.
conclusion
We’re in an era where technology is knocking on the door to a new world of automation, driven by machine learning, big data and the Internet of Things, powered by apps running on a wide variety of devices. These include the apps you use on your phone, tablet, watch and desktop computer, as well as apps and programs that run behind the scenes.
There are also a lot of apps and programs running on embedded devices in your car, vehicle, medical device, home lighting system, and more. To install these programs and apps, the world needs regular programmers!
The number of jobs in technology that require programming skills is growing, and if you look at industry analysts’ projections and surveys, the demand for software developers will continue to grow over the next decade to the point that demand will outstrip supply.
To get involved in the app and app ecosystem and participate in the technological revolution, you need to learn a programming language and practice programming yourself.
There is no single top-level programming language that can solve all technical problems, and because of this, different languages are chosen for different purposes in various areas of development. For example, JavaScript is often used for front-end development, while Swift is used for iOS apps development, but it’s not the only option.
Whether you’re new to programming or you’ve been programming for a few years, it’s a good idea to evaluate the best programming languages at least once a year or twice a year, and plan to change languages if necessary.
Hope you enjoyed reading this article, and if you’re interested, feel free to share your thoughts in the comments.
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