preface

This paper systematically discusses various technologies in the field of Linux operation and maintenance, including the complete process of the installation of the latest version of Linux system, the principle of system startup, the necessary commands of the system, system management, the necessary software management for beginners, basic service combat, production environment LAMP, Redis combat and backup, performance optimization, Zabbix enterprise distribution Nginx high-performance Web server combat and Nginx location, rewrite rules, log analysis combat, Nginx performance tuning, automatic operation and maintenance technology combat, shell programming introduction, shell programming enterprise combat case analysis, shell programming enterprise case analysis, Puppet Ansible case in-depth analysis, enterprise high-performance load balancing technology LVS, Keepalived high availability cluster to meet ten million PV portal architecture, Haproxy high-performance load balancing, build enterprise automation deployment platform Jenkins,CI/CD automatic deployment and delivery, Docker virtualization enterprise practice, Docker image, container, Dokerfile. Docker production environment one-click script configuration, DockerPipework network combat, Openstack private cloud. Openstack enterprise practice and build enterprise Openstack private cloud. Openstack common problems troubleshooting and other core content.

This book is suitable for system administrators, network administrators, college students, Linux operation and maintenance engineers, Linux system management personnel and engaged in cloud computing, website development, testing, design personnel reference.

How to read?

The book is divided into three chapters

Chapter 1: Linux basics, including chapter 1~8, the main content of Linux quick man door, Linux development and system installation, CentOS system management, Linux essential commands. Linux user and permission management, Linux software package enterprise combat, Linux disk management, Linux file server enterprise combat. Hundreds of times as follow as the saying goes, “reading operation again”, so the author suggests readers when reading this book, should according to the prompt and various operating case in this book, using real server or virtual machine operational exercises, so that we can better understand each command and the steps involved, so as to study more efficiently, the foundation.

Chapter 2: Linux advanced, including chapter 9~14, the main content for HTTP protocol details, Apache Web server enterprise combat, MySQL server enterprise combat, LAMP enterprise architecture combat, Zabbix distributed monitoring enterprise combat, NginxWeb server enterprise combat.

Chapter 3: Linux advanced, including chapter 15~25, the main content for Linux performance optimization enterprise combat. Big data backup enterprise combat, shell enterprise programming foundation, shell programming advanced enterprise combat, automated operation and maintenance development prospects, Puppet automatic operation and maintenance enterprise combat, Ansible automatic operation and maintenance enterprise combat. Jenkins continued to integrate enterprise practice, Linux high availability cluster practice, Docker virtualization technology,Openstack+KVM to build enterprise private cloud.

Linux operation and maintenance industry wages

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Article 1: Linux Basics

Linux Basics consists of eight chapters:

The contents of chapters 1 to 8 are Linux quick Start, Linux development and system installation, CentOS system management, Linux essential commands, Linux user and permission management, Linux software package enterprise combat, Linux disk management, Linux file server enterprise combat.

Linux file system directory structure

Through the in-depth study of the eight chapters in the basic chapter, the readers can understand the development history of Linux, understand the features of Linux distributions, and the Naming conventions of the Linux kernel. The CentOS operating system is manually installed based on the VIRTUAL machine environment, and can get started quickly.

At the same time, readers can master the complete startup process of the Linux operating system, master the user and group management mechanism of the Linux operating system, and customize and assign permissions to Files and directories in the Linux operating system to improve the security of the Linux operating system and ensure the stability of the system.

Application, process, and thread topology

The mastery of the necessary Commands of Linux directly determines whether the Linux system can be operated skillfully in the later period. At the same time, mastering the big trick of efficient learning of Linux and forming the habit and method of learning Linux can get twice the result with half the effort in the later period of Linux learning.

As the saying goes, “if the foundation is not firm, the earth shakes”, I am familiar with the relevant content of Linux foundation, and can independently maintain and manage the enterprise Linux operating system, and lay a solid foundation for the later maintenance of enterprise production environment server.

Chapter two: Linux Advanced

The Linux Advanced chapter consists of six chapters:

Chapter 9~14 study content is HTTP protocol detail, ApacheWeb server enterprise combat. MySQL server enterprise combat, LAMP enterprise architecture combat, Zabbix distributed monitoring enterprise combat, NginxWeb server enterprise combat.

Through in-depth study of the six chapters in the advanced part, readers can quickly get started, independently maintain and manage various enterprise services on the basis of Linux operating system management learned in the basic part. For example, mainstream Apache, Nginx Web server, and through in-depth study of HTTP protocol, master the underlying communication principle of HTTP.

HTTP Requext message

At the same time, readers can skillfully build enterprise-class database management cluster,MySQL master-slave replication, one master multi-slave, read and write separation practice to ensure the integrity of website data, database configuration file tuning, increase the index to provide data query efficiency, if the database is abnormal or slow, can be based on MySQL slow query log positioning slow SQL.

The advanced chapter introduces Redis high-performance cache server, which is used by major Internet companies. A good command of Redis is of great help to promotion, salary increase and website performance. Redis cache can also improve the efficiency of users accessing Web sites and enhance user experience. At the same time, with the increasing number of enterprise servers based on. Zabbix distributed monitoring system can monitor server CPU, memory, hard disk, network card and various applications on the server in real time, so as to send wechat alarm to relevant personnel in the first time when there is a fault, and deal with the problem in the first time. .

LAMP+Redis architecture flowchart

Nginx, the mainstream Web server software of the Internet, is favored by the SA of major enterprises and is widely used. Therefore, an in-depth grasp of Nginx will greatly help improve the operation and maintenance ability. Through the in-depth study of Nginx in the advanced chapter, readers can master the working principle of Nginx, installation and configuration, management and upgrade, load balancing, static and static separation, virtual host, parameter tuning. Nginx Location,Nginx rewrite, log slicing, anti-theft, HTTPS and other core technologies, better maintenance of production environment Nginx high-performance Web server.

Article 3: Advanced Linux

The Linux Advanced chapter consists of nine chapters:

15 ~ 25 Chapter learning contents are Linux performance optimization enterprise combat, big data backup enterprise combat, shell enterprise programming foundation, shell programming advanced enterprise combat, automated operation and maintenance development prospects, Puppet automatic operation and maintenance enterprise combat, Ansible automatic operation and maintenance enterprise combat Jenkins continuous integration enterprise combat, Linux high Available cluster combat, combat Docker virtualization technology. Openstack+ KVM builds enterprise private clouds.

Linux Performance evaluation criteria

Readers through the in-depth study of 11 chapters of the advanced chapter, can independently maintain and manage hundreds of enterprises, even thousands of servers, to take the lead in the enterprise, to create enterprise ten million PV portal architecture.

At the same time, readers can master a large amount of backup of MySQL 2TB. By optimizing the Linux server kernel and troubleshooting kernel faults, server abnormalities can be quickly solved, and by writing various shell scripting tools in the enterprise production environment, automatic maintenance and deployment of the website can be realized. This chapter covers 11 examples of advanced scripting for enterprise use in a variety of scenarios. You can develop various scripts based on the shell, Such as the construction of website server data backup, LAMP and LNMP one-click installation and deployment, server hardware information collection and storage in DB, MySQL master-slave actual fighting, automatic modification of thousands of server IP, Zabbix automatic deployment client, Nginx and Tomcat automatic heat, Docker virtualization management platform, Bind advanced management and other feet Ben.

Ansible working principle diagram

With the help of the lightweight Ansible deployment tool, you will be able to maintain and manage tens of thousands of servers, and implement active deployment management, automatic client configuration, and batch server management based on Puppet cases. It can operate and manage at least 1000 servers and manage servers through various resource modules. Meanwhile, it can write PlayBook scripts to manage server processes and reduce manual intervention to achieve high efficiency on servers and Web sites. Maintenance.

The advanced chapter introduces Jenkins automatic deployment platform, describes the traditional website deployment and mainstream website deployment methods. The enterprise-level automation platform built based on Jenkins supports SVN and GIT repository, and combines with Ansible automatic operation and maintenance tools to create enterprise-level automatic deployment platform, making operation and maintenance work easier.

Nginx+ Keepalived dual main architecture

In chapter 23 of this article, nine enterprise-level advanced combat cluster deployments are taken as examples, such as Nginx+ Keepalived.Redis+ Keepalived, LVS + Keepalived, Haproxy+ Keepalived to meet the deployment of various enterprise application environments. Chapter 24 introduces Docker virtualization technology; Chapter 25 introduces Openstack+KVM to build enterprise private cloud technology, so as to truly apply what you have learned to meet the needs of enterprises.

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