For decades, Java has been the programming language of choice for developing the server side of applications. While JUnit has always worked with developers to help them with automated unit tests, over time and with the evolution of the test industry, especially with the rise of automated testing, a number of Java-based open source frameworks have been developed that differ from JUnit in terms of validation and business logic. Here, I’ll discuss top-level Java test frameworks for performing test automation using Selenium WebDriver, and I’ll focus on the strengths, weaknesses, and uniqueness of these top-level Java test frameworks.

JUnit

Junit is a practical case for developers to build on xUnit. Its primary original purpose was to enable Java developers to write scripts and execute repeatable test cases. It is usually used to test a small piece of code. You can also perform automated tests for your site by integrating JUnit with Selenium for test automation. Every time any new code is added and needs to be released, the entire test case needs to be re-executed to make sure that the original functionality is not affected.

What are the prerequisites?

The framework is highly compatible with Selenium WebDriver for Java, so JUnit and Selenium WebDriver are also fully compatible, which you need as certain prerequisites

  • Use a newer version of the JDK in your work projects.
  • Download the latest version of JUnit and set up the environment.
  • Good experience in application development of object-oriented programming language (Java).

Pros and cons of using JUnit?

JUnit has several advantages:

  • Developers working in a test-driven environment find it very beneficial because they are forced to read the code and look for bugs.
  • Errors are detected early, making the code much more reliable.
  • Developing more readable and error-free code increases credibility.
  • With the latest version of JUnit (version 5), exceptions can be easily identified and test cases written with older versions of JUnit can be executed.
  • You can also use it with Java 5 and higher.

The only downside of JUnit is:

  • The framework cannot perform dependency testing. That’s where we need TestNG.

Is JUnit your best Java testing framework?

JUnit and TestNG both perform the same job. Their functionality is almost identical, except that JUnit cannot do dependency testing in both frameworks, and the implementation of parameterized testing is different. In addition, JUnit has better community support because of its long history, and it has been defined as a standard for unit testing applications that use Selenium WebDriver for Java. Although TestNG has a small number of users, the community is still large and growing every day. Therefore, we can conclude that for a Java testing framework, the choice between TestNG or JUnit depends entirely on the nature and requirements of the application.

JBehave

We all know about behavior driven Development (BDD). This type of test describes acceptance tests in a way that is transparent to business users. JBehave is another Java test framework for BDD testing, primarily used in conjunction with Selenium WebDriver for Java. The main purpose of using JBehave is to make BDD easy to understand and familiar to new users. This is a design concept that makes the test phase of an application more based on its behavior.

What are the prerequisites?

The ideal way to use JBehave is to integrate with an IDE. To do this, in addition to the necessary runtime setup, you need several JAR files, such as

Junit-4.1.0.jar, Jbehave-core-3.8.jar, Commons-lang-2.4.jar, Paranamer-2.5.jar, Freemarker-2.3.9.jar, Org.apacje.com mons. IO. Jar, Org.apache.com mons. Collections. The jar, and breadth - utils - 1.1. The jar

Pros and cons of JBehave

Like all other BDD testing frameworks, JBehave has advantages in a number of ways.

  • The most important purpose of behavior-driven development can be achieved by better coordination between different development teams on different projects with similar specifications.
  • Because the specifications are similar, project managers and stakeholders can better understand the output of the development team and the quality inspection team.
  • Because JBehave has detailed logical reasoning and thinking capabilities, the product is more reliable.
  • JBehave uses semi-formal language and also has features to help maintain consistent behavior within the team structure.

Like any other BDD testing tool, JBehave has only one drawback.

  • The success of a BDD testing tool depends primarily on the communication between different members of the project, stakeholders, developers, testers, and the management of the organization. Lack of communication can lead to problems that are not quickly identified and quickly resolved, which in turn can lead to errors in the application or conflicts with the actual business needs, resulting in all parties blaming each other.

Is JBehave the best Java testing framework for you?

JBehave works the same way as Serenity. However, if you want to improve the efficiency of automated acceptance testing, it’s best to integrate Serenity with JBehave to take advantage of a better testing experience. This is because the core concept of Serenity is based on BDD development and also enables users to write powerful and rich test reports.

Selenide

Selenide, based on and supported by Selenium’s testing framework, is a popular tool for precise and more intuitive UI test cases. There is a certain complexity to testing modern Web technologies such as Ajax, such as timeouts, waits, and assertions. WebDriver is a popular tool for UI testing, but lacks the capability to handle timeouts. Selenide handles all of these issues in a simple way. Plus, it’s easier to master and learn. All you need to do is focus on the business logic and execute a few simple lines of code to get your job done.

What are the preconditions of Selenide?

Installing Selenide is very simple. If you are using Maven, you need to add the following lines to your POM.xml file.

< the dependency > < groupId > com. Codeborne < / groupId > < artifactId > selenide < / artifactId > < version > 5.1.0 < / version > <scope>test</scope> </dependency>Copy the code

Selenide: Pros and cons

In the front-end layer of applications that use Java on the server side, the most common problem testers face is timeouts. The test case you wrote might work right now, but in a few days, maybe some Ajax requests will take more time than they do now, or some Javascript will run slower. In addition, your system may be running another process at the same time, causing the test case to fail. Even more unfortunate, it can take you days to figure out the root cause of these problems. Selenides can help

  • A concise test case writing process eliminates timeouts.
  • Support testing of applications developed using AngularJS
  • Reduces most of the calling functions used by traditional Selenium tools.

So far, we haven’t found any obvious drawbacks to using Selenide, and perhaps the only ones we can barely call a drawback are the notation in the syntax.

I’m going to show you a Demo of this:

@Test public void userCanLoginByUsername() { open("/login"); $(By.name("user.name")).setValue("johny"); $("#submit").click(); $(".loading_progress").should(disappear); // Waits until element disappears $("#username").shouldHave(text("Hello, Johny!" )); // Waits until element gets text }Copy the code

Some people on the Internet found that the Demo did not work, in fact, it lacks the necessary initialization steps, as follows:

        Configuration.browser = "Chrome";
        Configuration.baseUrl="https://www.baidu.com";Copy the code

Is Selenide the best Java test framework for you?

There is no better Java-based framework for UI testing than Selenium WebDriver, Selenide’s parent framework. Obviously, WebDriver cannot solve problems caused by Ajax timeouts, slow JavaScript, or any dynamic content that takes time to load. To overcome the problem, we previously used the wait_until or sleep methods in our test cases. With Selenide, we no longer have to worry about those issues. By focusing only on the business logic, the test case serves its purpose well.

Spock

Spock is a test automation framework derived from JUnit, written in Groovy, that allows you to perform DDT (data-driven testing) on the JVM (Java Virtual Machine). It provides compatibility with all languages supported by the JVM. The UI provided by Spock is excellent compared to any other Java testing framework. The readability of the code and the simplicity of the documentation, as well as the ability to interpret simple sentences, make it a very convenient Java testing framework.

Advantages of Spock as a Java test framework

Advantages of Spock:

  • Excellent readability, providing compatibility with ordinary English sentences.
  • Spock makes simulation and stubbing easier than ever. Also, both are built in.
  • The parameterization is shorter and clearer.
  • Provide the surrounding environment to make it easier to locate the cause of a failure.
  • Expressive and simple DSL (domain-specific language).

Disadvantages of Spock:

  • You need to have a basic understanding of Groovy.
  • If you’re not familiar with Spock, you might find the framework a little inconvenient, but once you’ve mastered it, you won’t use other Java testing frameworks.
  • Poor advanced syntax compatibility with other Java-based test frameworks (such as Mockito)

Is Spock the best Java testing framework for you?

Spock has so many advantages that it is believed that Spock will be the best Java testing framework for BDD (behavior Driven Development) because of its simple, intuitive UI and powerful DSL. If your project happens to be a JVM-based application, it’s definitely your choice.

Here are three of the previous Spock articles. Click here to see the details

  • Configure the unit test framework Spock in Maven and Gradle
  • Groovy unit test framework Spock basic functionality Demo
  • The Groovy unit test framework Spock data-driven Demo

conclusion

In the current agile era, developers also need to participate in testing. Everyone doesn’t have to be an expert, but at least they should have a basic knowledge of writing test cases for automatic validation code. This article introduced several tools that provide a developer’s preference for UI testing, unit testing, and BDD testing of applications. If you really want to excel at your job and become a more professional developer and tester, then the tools mentioned above will definitely help you on a daily basis.

  • Solemnly declare: article prohibited third party (except Tencent Cloud) reprint, published, the original matter test nest, home copy my seven original also block, your conscience will not pain?

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