Some time ago, when the company deployed the project, operation and Maintenance students said a lot of things about the server, immediately felt confused, confused…

Let’s take this project as an exercise and briefly understand how the process of deploying a project to a server works

Preliminary knowledge

pm2

Pm2 is a management tool for starting node processes

Common commands

…

Pm2 start app.js: Starts the service. The entry file is app.js

Pm2 list Displays processes that are started

Pm2 show XXX Displays details about a service

NPM restart [name or ID] : restarts the service

Pm2 MONIT: Monitors services

…

A package.json file for a project

To start the service, you can use Node Run app.js

To start the service with pm2, type pm2 start app.js

To view the running projects, type pm2 list on the command line

Pm2 supports configuration file startup

  • Script Start script path
  • Exec_mode Specifies the application startup mode, including fork and cluster
  • Instances Number of started application instances. This parameter is valid only in cluster mode. The default value is fork

Fork and Cluster modes

Fork: a cluster can start multiple processes

Add a pM2 configuration file, pm2.config.json, to the project

{
  "name": "mxx-project"."script": "./index.js"."error_file": "./logs/err.log"."out_file": "./logs/out.log"."log_date_format": "YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm Z"."instances": 3."merge_logs": true."exec_mode": "cluster"."node_args": ""."ignore_watch": ["node_modules"]."env": {
    "NODE_ENV": "development"}}Copy the code

Enter on the command line

pm2 start pm2.config.json
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Three processes will be created

Note: If your server is multi-core, it is possible to create multiple processes in cluster mode

You can check how many cores your server has

shipit

Shipit is an automated server deployment tool

A simple shipit configuration file

module.exports = shipit => {
  require('shipit-deploy')(shipit)
  shipit.initConfig({
    default: {
      workspace: '/tmp/myapp',
      deployTo: '/var/myapp',
      repositoryUrl: 'Your GitHub address',
      ignores: ['.git'.'node_modules'],
      keepReleases: 2,
      deleteOnRollback: false,
      key: '/path/to/key',
      shallowClone: true,
    },
    staging: {
      servers: 'Your server address',}})}Copy the code

Connecting to the server

After the purchase of the server to obtain the IP address can try to log in to the server

Generally, you can log in to your own server as root

ssh root@ipipip
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Before deploying the project to the server, you are advised to do the ssh-copy-id command to establish trust so that you do not need to re-enter the password

Configure the environment on the server

NPM CNPM node pm2 Git nginx

  • Install the NPM
yum install npm  
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  • Install CNPM
npm install -g cnpm --registry=https://registry.npm.taobao.org
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  • Install the pm2
npm i pm2 
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  • Install the node
npm i n
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  • Install git
yum install git
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  • Install the NVM
Wget - qO - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/creationix/nvm/v0.33.2/install.sh | bashCopy the code

Need to adjust vim ~/.bashrc

export NVM_DIR="$HOME/.nvm"
[ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh"] &&."$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" # This loads nvm
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Specify the default Node version

nvm alias defalut 8
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Start a simple service

Let’s write a simple script on the server. I’m creating a new app.js file in the /home/work directory.

cd home
mkdir work
touch app.js
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Write a simple service in app.js

const http = require('http')
const port = 3389

http.createServer((req, res) => {
  res.end('Hello word! ')
}).listen(port, () => {
  console.log(port, 'port')})Copy the code

Start the app. Js

node app.js
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Then open your browser, type IP+ port number, and you will see hello Word in the page

– added –

1 Port 3389 is used because port 3389 has been configured in the security group on my server

If you are using a different port make sure you have a security group configured

2 About starting the service

If you are using Node, you will no longer be able to access the service once you exit the server

You can use PM2 instead so that once started, the process will always exist unless an error is reported

Ready to deploy

  • Prepare project

The project uses koA1 + React

React project address point I view the GitHub address

Change the startup port number to 3389

  • Prepare the PM2 startup file

Create a pm2 folder and write an production.json file to start pm2

  • The basic configuration for creating a shipit.js in the project is as follows
module.exports = function (shipit) {
  require('shipit-deploy')(shipit)
  require('shipit-cnpm')(shipit)
  require('shipit-pm')(shipit)
  shipit.initConfig({
    default: {
      workspace: '/tmp/deploy/your-project',
      deployTo: '/home/work/your-project',
      repositoryUrl: 'https://github.com/youproject.git',
      ignores: ['.git'.'node_modules'],
      keepReleases: 2,
      deleteOnRollback: false,
      key: '/path/to/key',
      shallowClone: true,
      cnpm: {
        flags: '--production'.local: false,
        npm: 'cnpm',
        remote: true
      },
      pm: {
        production: {
          path: '/home/work/your-project/current/pm2/production.json'
        }
      }
    },
    production: {
      servers: ['root@ Your IP address ']}})}Copy the code

Pm2 is started using the configuration file, so the PM parameter is configured to start PM2 according to the file path

  • Add two fields to your project’s package.json
    "deploy": "shipit production deploy"."rollback": "shipit production rollback".Copy the code
  • Push the project to GitHub
  • Run NPM run deploy

After the project is deployed, check the project progress on the server

pm2 list
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Open the page to see the effect

So far, it’s been deployed

Problems occurred during deployment

  • Error 1

Resolution: Forgot to install Git on the server

  • Error 2

This is obvious, there is no CNPM installed

  • After successful deployment, go to the server to check the project did not start

The original deployment is completed

Then I turned to one of the gods and found it was not in the shipit configuration file

require('shipit-pm')(shipit)
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[Smash the table!]

Adjust the file and go online again

Three processes are started

Configure Aliyun according to the project port number

If the port number is not configured in the security group when your project starts, you need to add a security group in the background

You also need to enter port 3389 when accessing the page. Too lazy to enter a port number

Add the default port 80 to the security group and change the port 80 in the startup file app.js. This eliminates the need to enter a port number

So what if you don’t want to modify the app.js file, use NGINX

Configure NGINX

  • Install nginx

yum install nginx

View the NGINX configuration file

cat  /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
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Very simple configuration

# For more information on configuration, see:
# * Official English Documentation: http://nginx.org/en/docs/
# * Official Russian Documentation: http://nginx.org/ru/docs/

user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;

# Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/nginx/README.dynamic.
include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;

events {
    worker_connections 1024;
}

http {
    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile            on;
    tcp_nopush          on;
    tcp_nodelay         on;
    keepalive_timeout   65;
    types_hash_max_size 2048;

    include             /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type        application/octet-stream;

    # Load modular configuration files from the /etc/nginx/conf.d directory.
    # See http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#include
    # for more information.
    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;

    server {
        listen       80 default_server;
        listen       [::]:80 default_server;
        server_name  _;
        root         /usr/share/nginx/html;

        # Load configuration files for the default server block.
        include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;

        location / {
        }

        error_page 404 /404.html;
            location = /40x.html {
        }

        error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
            location = /50x.html {
        }
    }

}

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Change the port number in the project entry file app.js to 9999

Processing Nginx. Conf. Js

Finally, change to (the important thing is that the server part is only shown here)

server { listen 80; server_name localhost; Location / {proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:9999/; }}Copy the code

Start the Nginx

nginx -s reload
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Problem with Nginx configuration

  • Restart the Nginx

Nginx keeps reporting errors during restart

Refer to the article for post-processing

nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
nginx -s reload
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Do ~

Welcome to visit the point where I view the project

Refer to the article

  • pm2
  • PM2 usage skills
  • Summary of pM2 process management tool usage
  • Use shipit-deploy for automated multi-server deployment
  • Use Shipit to automate Node application deployment
  • I met Nginx
  • Nginx. pid is lost after nginx restart. How do I restart nginx