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Data management can be understood from two aspects: consciousness is the management of an organization’s business, responsible for developing and implementing policies, processes and plans for the definition, organization, protection and effective use of data throughout the organization; The second is to rely on technology, responsible for the realization of data as a resource of several control management.

With the development and application of computer technology, data management technology has experienced three stages: manual management, file system and database system

  • The manual management stage is characterized as follows

    • Data not saved
    • Applications manage data
    • Data Oriented application

  • The file system phase has the following characteristics

    • Separate the logical and physical structure of the data

  • Database system stage, features as follows

    • Data integration
    • High data sharing
    • Data redundancy is small
    • Data consistency
    • High data independence
    • Implement unified management and control
    • Reduce application development and maintenance effort

Because the data in the database is shareable and independent, the programmer of the application program no longer needs to undertake the design, construction and maintenance of the basic data file and other heavy burdens, so the cost of the development of the new application program and the time period required to provide services for users can be greatly reduced.

In addition, due to changes in the application environment or user needs and other reasons, data will inevitably change frequently, such as adding new data types, adding or changing the relationship between data, changing the results and formats of data, adopting new storage devices or access methods, etc. In traditional data file environment, these changes lead to related applications, and rewrite them in a database environment, due to the independence of the data, in a certain range, the data or related application changes in any one party can not cause the other side each other changes, so the application can greatly reduce the maintenance workload.