Java versus Python: Which should you choose?

Compare the two most popular programming languages in the world and let us know which one you like in the poll.

Let’s compare two of the world’s most popular and powerful programming languages: Java and Python! Both languages have huge community support and libraries to perform almost any programming task, although the choice of programming language often depends on the developer’s scenario. After comparing and contrasting, please share your opinion in the poll.

What is?

Java is a universal object-oriented programming language, mainly used to develop a variety of applications from mobile terminal to Web to enterprise applications.
Python is a high-level object-oriented programming language for Web development, artificial intelligence, machine learning, automation, and other data science applications.

The creator

Java was created by James Gosling (Sun Microsystems).
Python was created by Guido van Rossum.

Open source state

Java is free and (mostly) open source, except for commercial use.
Python is free and open source for all scenarios.

Platform dependent

JavaAccording to its WORA (“Write it once, run it anywherewrite once, run anywhere“) philosophy, which is platform agnostic.
Python is platform dependent.

Compile or interpret

Java is a compiled language. Java programs are converted to bytecode at compile time, not run time.
Python is an interpreted language. Python programs interpret at run time.

File creation

Java: Generated after compilation<filename>.classFile.
Python: At run time, create<filename>.pycFile.

Wrong type

Java has two types of errors: compile and runtime errors.
Python has one type of error: backtracking (or runtime) errors.

Static or dynamic type

Java is statically typed. When initializing a variable, you need to specify the type of the variable in your program because type checking is done at compile time.
Python is dynamically typed. Variables do not need to be typed at initialization because type checking is done at run time.

grammar

Java: Each statement needs to be preceded by a semicolon (;), and the code block is wrapped in braces ({}).
Python: Blocks of code are separated by indentation (the user can choose the number of Spaces to use, but should be consistent throughout the block).

The number of classes

Java: Only one public top-level class can exist in a single file in Java.
Python: Any number of classes can exist in a single file in Python.

How much code?

Java generally writes more lines of code than Python.
Python generally writes fewer lines of code than Java.

Multiple inheritance

Java does not support multiple inheritance (inheritance from two or more base classes).
Python supports multiple inheritance, but it is rarely implemented due to various issues of inheritance complexity, hierarchy, dependencies, and so on.

multithreading

Java multithreading can support two or more concurrent threads running simultaneously.
Python uses a global interpreter lock (GIL) that allows only a single thread (one CPU core) to run at a time.

Execution speed

Java execution times are generally faster than Python.
Python typically has slower execution times than Java.

Hello world

Java:

public class Hello {
   public static void main([String][3][] args) {
      [System][4].out.println("Hello Opensource.com from Java!"); }}Copy the code

Python:

print("Hello Opensource.com from Java!")
Copy the code

To run the program

To run the Java program hello.java, you need to compile it first, which creates a hello.class file. Simply run the class name Java Hello. For Python, simply run the file python3 helloworld.py.

Via: opensource.com/article/19/…

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This article is originally compiled by LCTT and released in Linux China