English abbreviations
API
Application Programming Interface (API), also known as Application Programming Interface, is a convention for connecting different components of a software system. Due to the increasing scale of software in recent years, it is often necessary to divide complex systems into small components, so the design of programming interfaces is very important.
In the practice of program design, the design of programming interface should first make the responsibility of software system get reasonable division. Good interface design can reduce the interdependence of all parts of the system, improve the cohesion of components, reduce the coupling degree between components, and improve the maintenance and expansibility of the system.
ACID
ACID refers to four characteristics that a database management system (DBMS) must have in order to ensure that a transaction is correct and reliable when data is written or updated: Atomicity, consistency, Isolation, Durability.
AJAX
AJAX, Asynchronous JavaScript and XML, refers to a set of browser-side web development technologies that combine several technologies.
CAS
- Compare and swap (CAS) is a kind of atomic operation, which can be used in multithreaded programming to achieve uninterrupted data exchange operation, so as to avoid the data inconsistency caused by the uncertainty of execution order and the unpredictability of interruption when multithreading simultaneously rewriting a certain data. This operation compares the value in memory with the specified data, and replaces the data in memory with the new value if the value is the same.
- Central Authentication Service (CAS) is a single sign-on protocol for the World Wide Web. It is intended to allow a user to access multiple applications with credentials (such as a username and password) provided only once. It also allows web applications to authenticate users without obtaining their security credentials, such as passwords. “CAS” also refers to the software package that implements the protocol.
JSON
JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a lightweight text-based data interchange language that is easy to read. Although JSON is a subset of Javascript, JSON is a language-independent text format that uses conventions similar to those of the C language family.
DSL
Domain Specific Language (DSL), whose basic idea is “to seek specialization rather than complete”, is not like the general purpose Language, the target scope covers all software problems, but specifically for a Specific problem of the computer Language.
GC
In computer science, Garbage Collection (ABBREVIATED GC) is an automatic memory management mechanism. When dynamic memory on a computer is no longer needed, it should be released to free up memory. This management of memory resources is called garbage collection.
The garbage collector can take a lot of the burden off the programmer and reduce the chances for the programmer to make mistakes. Garbage collection has its roots in LISP. Many languages currently support garbage collectors, such as Smalltalk, Java, C#, and D.
DML
Data Manipulation Language (DML) is an instruction set in SQL Language that is responsible for Data access to database objects. It is based on INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE instructions, representing INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE respectively. These are the necessary instructions to develop data-centric applications, so many developers refer to the four instructions with SQL SELECT statements as “CRUD”.
DDL
Data Definition Language (DDL) is responsible for Data structure Definition and database object Definition in SQL Language set. DDL consists of three syntax: CREATE, ALTER and DROP. It started with the Codasyl (Conference on Data Systems Languages) Data model and is now incorporated into SQL instructions as a subset of it.
DI
Dependency Injection. In software engineering, dependency injection is an implementation of inversion of control to solve dependency design patterns. A dependency refers to an object that can be exploited (that is, the service provider).
Dependency injection is the passing of dependencies to dependent objects that will be used (that is, clients). The service is part of the state that will become the client. Passing the service to the client, rather than allowing the client to create or find the service, is the basic requirement of this design pattern.
DNS
Domain Name System is a service of the Internet. As a distributed database that maps domain names and IP addresses to each other, it makes it easier for people to access the Internet. DNS uses TCP and UDP port 53. Currently, each level of a domain name is limited to 63 characters, and the total length of a domain name cannot exceed 253 characters.
GUI
A Graphical User Interface is a Graphical User Interface used for computer operations. Graphical interfaces are more visually acceptable to users than the command-line interfaces used by early computers.
HTTP
HyperText Transfer ProtocolP is an application-layer protocol used in distributed, collaborative, and hypermedia information systems. HTTP is the basis for data communication on the World Wide Web.
IOC
Inversion of Control, or IoC, is a design principle used in object-oriented programming to reduce coupling between computer code. One of the most common is called Dependency Injection, or DI, and another is called Dependency Lookup.
With inversion of control, when an object is created, it is passed a reference to the object on which it depends by an external entity that regulates all objects in the system. In other words, dependencies are injected into objects.
JWT
JSON Web Token (JWT) is a very lightweight specification. This specification allows us to use JWT to deliver secure and reliable information between users and servers, especially in the single sign-on (SSO) scenario of distributed sites.
LDAP
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol) is an open, neutral, industry-standard application Protocol that provides Access control and maintains Directory information for distributed information over IP.
MVC
MVC pattern (Model — View — Controller) is a software architecture pattern in software engineering, which divides the software system into three basic parts: Model, view and controller.
The PURPOSE of the MVC pattern is to achieve a dynamic programming that simplifies subsequent modification and extension of the program and makes it possible to reuse certain parts of the program. In addition, this mode simplifies the complexity of the program structure more intuitive.
MVP
Model-view-presenter, referred to as MVP, is a computer software design project in view of the MVC Model, the extension of a software design Model proposed after review. It is widely used to facilitate automated unit testing and to improve separation of concerns in presentation logic.
MVVM
MVVM (Model — View — ViewModel) is a software architecture pattern that helps to separate the development of graphical user interfaces from the development of business logic or back-end logic (data models) through markup languages or GUI code.
OLAP
On-line Analytical Processing (ON-LINE Analytical Processing) is a set of Analytical data that analyzes data in a multi-dimensional manner and provides flexibility for roll-up, drill-down, and perspective analysis (English: Pivot, which presents integrated decision information, mostly used in decision support systems, business intelligence, or data warehouses. Its main function is to facilitate large-scale data analysis and statistical calculation, to provide reference and support for decision-making. The difference is online transaction processing (OLTP).
SQL
SQL (Structured Query Language) is a specific purpose programming language for managing relational database management systems (RDBMSS), or for stream processing in relational Stream Data management systems (RDSMS).
SPA
A single Page Web application, which is a single Web page application, is a Web application that loads a single HTML page and dynamically updates the page as the user interacts with the application.
SOA
Service-oriented Architecture (SOA) does not refer to a particular technology, but a software design method of distributed computing. Part of the software (caller) can call another application software component through a common protocol on the network to execute and operate, allowing the caller to get the service.
SOA in principle uses open standards, interaction with software resources, and a standard way of presentation. It should therefore span vendors, products, and technologies. A service should be viewed as a stand-alone unit of functionality that can be accessed remotely and executed and updated independently, for example by checking credit card bills online.
SOAP
SOAP (the original acronym of Simple Object Access Protocol) is a Protocol specification for exchanging data. It is used in Web Services of computer networks to exchange structured information.
SOAP makes it easier for Web servers to extract data from XML databases, save formatting time, and exchange data in XML format between different applications based on HTTP communication protocol, making it abstract in language implementation, platform, and hardware.
NoSQL
NoSQL is a general term for database management systems that are different from traditional relational databases.
XML
EXtensible Markup Language (XML) is a Markup Language. Mark refers to the information symbol that can be understood by the computer. Through this mark, the computer can process articles containing various information. How these tags are defined can be either in an internationally accepted markup language, such as HTML, or in a markup language, such as XML, which is freely decided by the stakeholders. This is language extensibility.
XML is a simplified modification from the Standard General Markup Language (SGML). It mainly uses extensible Markup language, extensible Style Language (XSL), XBRL and XPath.
