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Docker setup and basic commands

Install Docker on Centos8

Docker version requirements

1. The kernel version of the CentOs must be later than 3.10

uname -r
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Update the yum!

To install Docker CE, which is the community free version, first install the necessary packages and install yum-utils, which provides a yum-config-Manager unit, Device-mapper-persistent-data and LVM2 are installed together to store the two software packages required for devicemapper.

sudo yum update
sudo yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2   
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This is followed by the configuration of a stable repository, which is saved in /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo. Here we use Aliyun.

sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
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Update the Docke packages installed with Yum

Sudo yum makecache fast#Copy the code

The following error occurs:

Yum Makecache: error: argument timer: invalid choice: ‘fast’ (choose from ‘timer’)

An error occurred during index update, that is, centos8 does not have this parameter. The solution is to remove the fast parameter

View the repository version and specify the version to install

Check the version

yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r
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The installation

Yum install docker-ce#Copy the code

Error: Problem: Package Docker-CE-3:18.09.9-3.el7.x86_64 requires Containerd. IO >= 1.2.2-3, but none of the providers can be installed

If the version of containerd. IO is >= 1.2.2-3, perform the following operations

This error is also possible

Yum erase podman buildah

(1) Install the WGET instruction

yum install wget
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(2) Obtain the RPM package

wget http://docker-release-purple-prod.s3-website-us-east-1.amazonaws.com/linux/centos/8/x86_64/edge/Packages/containerd.io-1 . 3.7 to 3.1. El8. X86_64. RPMCopy the code

(3) Upgrade containerd. IO by installing the RPM package.

Yum -y install containerd. IO - 1.2.6-3.3 el7. X86_64. RPMCopy the code

(4) Reinstall Docker-CE

yum install docker-ce
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Start the docker

(1) Set automatic startup upon startup

sudo systemctl start docker
sudo systemctl enable docker
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(2) Start

sudo systemctl start docker
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(3) Verification

docker version
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The installation is successful.

sudo docker ps
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The installation is successful.

(4) Check the running status of Docker

systemctl status docker
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Common Docker commands

1. Pull the mirror

docker pull ubuntu
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2. Start the image for the first time

docker run -it --name ubuntu-test ubuntu /bin/bash
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Parameter description:

-i: indicates interactive operations.
– t: terminal.
P: port.
– IP: specifies the IP address.
-v: indicates a data volume. For example, -v /data:/data:ro. Ro indicates that the container is read-only.
–volumes-from: Data volumes come from an existing container.
-name: indicates the container name.
Ubuntu: Ubuntu image.
/bin/bash: After the image name is the command, here we want an interactive Shell, so we use /bin/bash.

3. Start the existing containers

Docker restart docker restart docker id1 [docker ID2] [... # to restartCopy the code

4. List of running Docker containers

docker ps
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Docker ps - aCopy the code

Stop the container

Docker stop < container ID/Name>Copy the code

6. Enter the container

docker exec -it name /bin/bash
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Exiting from this container does not cause the container to stop. This is recommended

Check the PID of some processes in the container

doker top name
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8. Delete the container

docker rm name
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9. Mirror list

docker images
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10. Start all containers

docker start $(docker ps -a -q)
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Copy the file to the container

docker cp sentinel.conf redis-master:/usr/local/redis
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12. Specify the IP address when creating the container

When creating containers, Docker uses the bridge network by default and assigns its own IP address. It is not allowed to specify its own IP address.

In actual deployment, we need to specify the IP address of the container. It is not allowed to assign an IP address by itself, especially when setting up a cluster, fixed IP address is necessary.

We can create our own bridge network: mynet. When creating the container, specify the network as Mynet and specify the IP address.

Viewing network Mode

docker network ls
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Create a new Bridge network

Docker network create --driver Bridge --subnet=172.19.0.0/16 --gateway=172.19.0.1 dockercomposeCopy the code

Viewing Network Information

docker network inspect dockercompose
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Create the container and specify the container IP

Docker run-it --name sentinel1 --network=dockercompose -- IP 172.19.0.6 -v /data/docker_redis/sentinel/sentinel-slave1.conf:/usr/local/redis/sentinel.conf -d -p 26380:26379 redis /bin/bashCopy the code

13. Create a snapshot

View existing containers

docker ps/docker ps -a
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Creating a Container Snapshot

docker export ID > test.tar
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Import and verify

Cat snapshots. Tar | docker import - centos: the latestCopy the code

Docker run-it ID(image) /bin/bashCopy the code

14. View information about the data volume

Sdocker inspect -f {{.volumes}} Name of the containerCopy the code

Building a container (nginx as an example)

First, build manually

1. Pull the mirror

docker pull centos
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2. Start the image

docker run --name nginx-man -it centos
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3. Install dependency packages

yum install -y wget gcc gcc-c++ make openssl-devel
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Install the Nginx dependencies

Mv nginx wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.9.3.tar.gz - 1.9.3. Tar. Gz/usr/local/data/nginx - 1.9.3. Tar. Gz CD /usr/local/dataCopy the code

5, decompression

The tar - ZXF nginx - 1.9.3. Tar. GzCopy the code

Create a WWW user

useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M www
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Start nginx

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/data/nginx --user=www --group=www --with-http_ssl_moudle --with-http_stub_status_module - with - pcre = / usr/local/SRC/pcre - 8.37Copy the code

8 the make.

make
make install
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9. Configure the startup container to run nginx directly

vi /usr/local/data/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
#Add, make it run in the foreground
daemon off;
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10, validation,

exit#Launch containerDocker commit -m "my nginx" container ID my-nginx1:vl doker images#A new mirror has been found
docker run -it -p 92:80 my-nginx1:v1 /usr/local/data/nginx/sbin/nginx
#You can loop through adding as many containers as you wantOpen IP:92 in your browser to see nginxCopy the code

11. The container opens itself

Docker Container update --restart= Always container nameCopy the code

2. Automatic Dockerfile build

Basic Mirror Information
Maintainer information
Mirror Operation Command
Instructions are executed when the container starts

Create a file

mkdir /opt/docker-file/nginx cd /opt/docker-file/nginx pwd wget Wget HTTP: / / http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.9.3.tar.gz ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.37.tar.gz  vim DockerfileCopy the code

The contents are as follows:

#This is My first Dockerfile
Image # base images
From centos
# MAINTTAINER maintainers
MAINTAINER WangScaler
#ADD to the container
ADDPcre 8.37. Tar. Gz/usr/lcoal/SRC
ADDNginx - 1.9.3. Tar. Gz/usr /local/src
#RUN RUN command
RUN yum install wget gcc gcc-c++ make openssl-devel
RUN useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M www
#WORKDIR
WORKDIR /usr/local/ SRC/nginx - 1.9.3
RUN./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=www --group=www --with-http_ssl_moudle --with-http_stub_status_module --with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.37
RUN echo "daemon off;">>/usr/local/src/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
EXPOSE Mapping port
ENV PATH /usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH
EXPOSE 80
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Note: ADD files must be in the same folder as Dockerfile

run

docker build -t nginx-file:v1 /opt/dockerfile/nginx/
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Docker image to view

Create a Python container using Dockerfile

The dependencies you need to write your application

The contents of requirements. TXT are as follows

vim requirements.txt
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WTForms==2.21.
WTForms-JSON==0.33.
wtforms-tornado==0.02.
PyJWT==1.71.
redis==3.51.
motor==2.1. 0
tornado==6.03.
tornado-swagger==1.24.
pytz==2020.1
paho-mqtt==1.5. 0
requests==2.22. 0
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Write Dockerfile

vim Dockerfile
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#This is My first Dockerfile
#Mirror base imagesThe FROM python: 3.7.4#MAINTTAINER maintainers
MAINTAINER WangScaler
#ADD something to a container
ADD requirements.txt /usr/local/python-app/requirements.txt
#RUN Execution instruction
WORKDIR /usr/local/python-app
RUN pip install -r requirements.txt
#EXPOSE mapping port
EXPOSE 8090
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Create a mirror image

docker build -t python-apps .
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Viewing network Mode

docker network ls
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Create a new Bridge network

Docker network create --driver Bridge --subnet=172.19.0.0/16 --gateway=172.19.0.1 dockercomposeCopy the code

Viewing Network Information

docker network inspect dockercompose
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Create the container and specify the container IP

Docker run-it --name python-app --network=dockercompose -- IP 172.19.0.2 -c /usr/local/python-app:/usr/local/python-app -d -p 8090:8090 python-apps /bin/bashCopy the code

Into the container

docker exec -it python-app bash
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Create python project image in Dockerfile

Write Dockerfile

vim Dockerfile
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#Base image based onThe FROM python: 3.6.8#Maintainer information
MAINTAINER [email protected]
#Add the code to the code folder
ADD / /ssm
#Set the code folder to be the working directory
WORKDIR /ssm
#Installation supportRUN cd /ssm && ls RUN ls RUN pip install --user -r /ziot/requirements.txt -i https://pypi.doubanio.com/simple/ RUN python CreateLicense.py 02:42:ac:22:00:02 RUN python setup.py RUN python -m compileall -b build/ RUN find . -name "*.py"  -type f -print -exec rm -rf {} \; CMD ["python", "build/server.pyc"]Copy the code

Each instruction creates one layer:

FROM creates a layer from the Ubuntu: 18.04 Docker image.
COPYAdds files from your Docker client’s current directory.
RUN builds your application with make.
CMD specifies what command to run within the container.

Docker setup and basic commands

Docker setup and basic commands

Install Docker on Centos8

Docker version requirements

Update the yum!

View the repository version and specify the version to install

Start the docker

Common Docker commands

1. Pull the mirror

2. Start the image for the first time

3. Start the existing containers

4. List of running Docker containers

Stop the container

6. Enter the container

Check the PID of some processes in the container

8. Delete the container

9. Mirror list

10. Start all containers

Copy the file to the container

12. Specify the IP address when creating the container

Viewing network Mode

Create a new Bridge network

Viewing Network Information

Create the container and specify the container IP

13. Create a snapshot

View existing containers

Creating a Container Snapshot

Import and verify

14. View information about the data volume

Building a container (nginx as an example)

First, build manually

1. Pull the mirror

2. Start the image

3. Install dependency packages

Install the Nginx dependencies

5, decompression

Create a WWW user

Start nginx

8 the make.

9. Configure the startup container to run nginx directly

10, validation,

11. The container opens itself

2. Automatic Dockerfile build

Create a file

run

Create a Python container using Dockerfile

The dependencies you need to write your application

Write Dockerfile

Create a mirror image

Viewing network Mode

Create a new Bridge network

Viewing Network Information

Create the container and specify the container IP

Into the container

Create python project image in Dockerfile

Write Dockerfile

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