What is?
An image is a lightweight, executable, standalone package that packages a software runtime environment and software developed based on the runtime environment. It contains everything you need to run a piece of software, including code, runtime, libraries, environment variables, and configuration files.
UnionFS (Joint File System)
UnionFS: UnionFS is a layered, lightweight, and high-performance file system that allows changes to the file system to be layered on top of each other as a single commit. Unite several directories into a single virtual filesystem. The Union file system is the basis for Docker images. Images can be inherited by layers, and specific application images can be created based on the base image (without a parent image).
Feature: Multiple file systems are loaded simultaneously, but only one file system can be seen from the outside. Joint loading adds all layers of file systems together, so that the final file system contains all the underlying files and directories
Docker image loading principle
Docker image loading principle: Docker image is actually composed of a layer of file systems, such a layer of file system UnionFS. \