1 Gracefully obtain the file name extension
import os
file_ext = os.path.splitext('./data/py/test.py')
front,ext = file_ext
In [5]: front
Out[5] :'./data/py/test'
In [6]: ext
Out[6] :'.py'
Copy the code2 Change file suffixes in batches
This example uses Python’s OS module and argparse module to change all files with suffix old_ext in the working directory work_dir to suffix new_ext
From this example, you will get a sense of the main uses of the Argparse module.
The import module
import argparse
import os
Copy the codeDefining script parameters
def get_parser():
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
description='File name suffix change in working directory')
parser.add_argument('work_dir', metavar='WORK_DIR'.type=str, nargs=1,
help='Modify file directories with suffix names')
parser.add_argument('old_ext', metavar='OLD_EXT'.type=str, nargs=1, help='Original suffix')
parser.add_argument('new_ext', metavar='NEW_EXT'.type=str, nargs=1, help='New suffix')
return parser
Copy the codeChange the name extension in batches
def batch_rename(work_dir, old_ext, new_ext):
"""Pass current directory, old suffix, new suffix, batch rename suffix"""
forSplit_file = os.path.splitext(filename) file_ext = split_file[filename = os.path.splitext(filename) file_ext = split_file[1] # locate file with suffix old_extifOld_ext == file_ext: newfile = split_file[0Rename (os.path.join(work_dir, filename), os.path.join(work_dir, newfile))print("Rename done")
print(os.listdir(work_dir))
Copy the codeTo achieve the Main
def main():
"""Main function"""Parser = get_parser() args = vars(parse_args())'work_dir'] [0]
old_ext = args['old_ext'] [0]
if old_ext[0] != '. ':
old_ext = '. ' + old_ext
new_ext = args['new_ext'] [0]
if new_ext[0] != '. ':
new_ext = '. ' + new_ext
batch_rename(work_dir, old_ext, new_ext)
Copy the code3 Extract files from the path
In [11] :importos ... : file_ext = os.path.split('./data/py/test.py')... : ipath,ifile = file_ext ... : In [12]: ipath
Out[12] :'./data/py'
In [13]: ifile
Out[13] :'test.py'
Copy the code4 Search for the file with the specified file name extension
import os
def find_file(work_dir,extension='jpg'):
lst = []
for filename in os.listdir(work_dir):
print(filename)
splits = os.path.splitext(filename)
ext = splits[1] # get the extensionif ext == '. '+extension:
lst.append(filename)
return lst
r = find_file('. '.'md')
print(r) # return md files in all directoriesCopy the code5 Convert XLS files to XLSX in batches
# Batch convert file xls-xlsximport win32com.client as win32
import os.path
import os
def xls2xlsx():
rootdir = r"C:\Users\CQ375\Desktop\temp1"# XLS file to be converted rootdir1 = r"C:\Users\CQ375\Desktop\ex"Num = num = num = num = num = num = numlen(files) # list the number of filesfor i in rangeKname = os.path.splitext(files[I])[kname = os.path.splitext(files[I])[1Return (f_name, f_extension) tupleif kname == '.xls'Fname = rootdir +'\ \'+ files[I] # synthesize the path and filename to be converted fname1 = rootDir1 +'\ \'+ files [I] # synthesis going into conversion path and filename excel. = the win32 gencache. EnsureDispatch ('Excel.Application'Wb.saveas (fname1+) # Open wb.saveas (fname1+"x", FileFormat=51Wb.close () excel.application.quit ()if __name__ == '__main__':
xls2xlsx()
Copy the code6 Change time of all files in the directory
import os
import datetime
print(f"The current time: {datetime. Datetime. Now () strftime (' % % Y - m - H: % d % % m: % S ')}")
for root,dirs,files in os.walk(r"D:\works"):# loop D:\works directories and subdirectoriesfor file in files:
absPathFile=os.path.join(root,file)
modefiedTime=datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(os.path.getmtime(absPathFile))
now=datetime.datetime.now()
diffTime=now-modefiedTime
if diffTime.days<20Filter files that exceed the specified timeprint(f"{absPathFile: < 27 S} modification time [{modefiedTime. Strftime (' % % Y - m - H: % d % % m: % S ')}] \ It [{diffTime. Days: 3 d} days {diffTime. Seconds / / 3600:2 d} at {diffTime. 3600 / / 60 seconds % : 2 d}]")# Print the relevant informationCopy the code7 Compress folders and files in batches
importZipfile # import zipfile, a Python module used for compression and decompression;import os
importTime def batch_zip(start_dir): start_dir = start_dir # File_news = start_dir +'.zip'Z = zipfile.zipfile (file_news,'w', zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)
fordir_path, dir_names, file_names in os.walk(start_dir): F_path = dir_path.replace(start_dir,' ') f_path = f_PATH and f_path + os.sep # Implement compression of the current folder and all files contained in itfor filename in file_names:
z.write(os.path.join(dir_path, filename), f_path + filename)
z.close(a)return file_news
batch_zip('./data/ziptest')
Copy the code8 Read files
importDef mkdir(path): isexists = os.path.exists(path)ifNot isexists: os.mkdir(path) # def openfile(filename): f = open(filename) fllist = f.read() fclose(a)returnFllist # returns to read contentCopy the code9 Write files
F = open(r) f = open(r) f = open(r"./data/test.txt"."w", encoding="utf-8")
print(f.write("Test file write"))
f.close# example2 # a Write, if the file exists, append to the file contents, if the file does not exist, create f = open(r)"./data/test.txt"."a", encoding="utf-8")
print(f.write("Test file write"))
f.close# example3 # with keyword The system will automatically close files and handle exceptions with open(r)"./data/test.txt"."w") as f:
f.write("hello world!")
Copy the code10 participle and save the file
Pkuseg is an open source Chinese word segmentation tool kit of Peking University. It has very high word segmentation accuracy on multiple word segmentation data sets, which is better than the commonly used jieba segmental function and effect.
Below, pkuseg’s cut function is used to count the top 10 frequency words after word segmentation, and write them into the file cut_words.csv according to the frequency of all words from high to low.
Here are the paragraphs to slice:
mystr = """The Python language Reference describes the syntax and semantics of the Python language, and this library reference describes the standard library that ships with Python. It also describes some optional components that are typically included in Python distributions. The Python standard library is very large and provides a wide range of components, as the following contents table shows. The library contains multiple built-in modules (written in C) that Python programmers must rely on to implement system-level functions such as file I/O, as well as a large number of modules written in Python that provide standard solutions to many problems in everyday programming. Some of these modules are specifically designed to encourage and enhance the portability of Python programs by abstracting platform-specific functionality into platform-neutral apis. Windows versions of Python installers typically contain the entire standard library, often with many additional components. For Unix-like operating systems, Python is typically divided into a series of packages, so you may need to use the package management tools provided by the operating system to obtain some or all of the optional components.""
Copy the codeIn a few lines of code:
from pkuseg import pkuseg
from collections import Counter
seg = pkuseg()
words = seg.cut(mystr)
frequency_sort = Counter(words).most_common()
with open('./data/cut_words.csv'.'w') as f:
for line in frequency_sort:
f.write(str(line[0]) +', ' + str(line[1]) +"\n")
print('writing done')
Copy the codeThe top 10 words with the highest frequency:
Counter(words).most_common(10)
# [('the'.12), (', '.11), ('Python'.10), ('. '.7), ('了'.5), ('contains'.4), ('components'.4), (Standard library.3), ('normally'.3), ('what'.3)]
Copy the code
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