We’ve probably all heard the phrase:

Life is limited, and knowledge is limited. With the end with the end, dangerous already! — “Zhuang Zi. Inner Chapter. Health Master Third”

Therefore, children who need to continue to learn a lot, such as programmers, in addition to the sea of knowledge to select the content we want, we have to learn efficiently after the selection, otherwise the speed of growth may be far behind the speed of hair loss, reduced to “he is bald, but not strong” embarrassing situation.

Study smarter, not Harder — these were the first words I read when I opened my Kindle for Mac and recently read how to Study Effectively, a book on the subject.

About the book

The author is Scott H. Young. He is a genius and a student with excellent academic performance. He is better known for his MIT Challenge, which is to teach himself 33 courses in four years of MIT computer science in one year (of course, he is not an MIT student and did not get a degree). More information about him can be found at Scott H. Young.

This book is to introduce his own summary of learning methods, mainly so-called “holistic learning”.

I can’t help but make a joke before I start taking notes.

Front ridicule

The original English title of the book to Learn More, Study Less, douban score of 8.0, Chinese name is “how to efficient learning,” douban score of 7.4, among this difference of 0.6 points and saw some reviews, I estimate that many readers will think that is eaten by the translator, On Douban, many netizens are begging translators to stop translating books. 😥

I…… A little bit like that. However, I was too slow to chew English, so I still read the Chinese version first, and then I found the original to understand part of the content, the English reading level is also good students suggested to read the original.

Here are some of the points I wanted to make fun of as I read the Chinese version:

  1. Excessive unnecessary “translator’s notes”, which are placed in the text;

    Here, for example, a whole page of translator’s notes, which are not really well annotated or necessary.

    It might be better to leave some white space and space for reflection to the reader.

  2. In the “introduction”, I spend several pages talking about the “eating model learning method”, which can be seen as an attempt to apply the metaphor highly praised in the book, but it is used in a far-fetched way, which is not conducive to understanding, and it makes people wonder at the beginning of the book.

  3. The same noun in the same scene has different translations in the book.

    For example, the second of the five stages of holistic learning is sometimes translated as “understanding” and sometimes as “understanding”.

  4. There are translation errors/inaccuracies;

    For example, the five stages of overall learning, which is very important information, but, quote:

    Explore – The Explore Phase is really where holistic learning takes full force. Here you form the models, highways and broader connections needed for well defined constructs.

    The translation:

    Expansion – The expansion phase is the most effort in holistic learning, where models, highways, and connections are formed to get a good structure.

    I have to say, it’s not as good as machine translation:

  5. There are some examples about studying medicine in the text, which are not in the original work and are added by the translator himself.

All right, that’s all. Take notes. Take notes.

Reading notes

excerpts

Being smart means learning faster, remembering more and better, and organizing information well to accomplish your goals. — Scott H. Young’s Definition of smart

Holistic learning is based on associating knowledge for the purpose of memorizing and applying knowledge. The best techniques to start learning are metaphor, internalization, process-based memorization and charting, which form the basis of holistic learning.

To go beyond knowledge, enthusiasm is not enough. You have to find ways to apply your knowledge (even if you hate it now). Knowledge gains new meaning by using it.

Metaphor is to build a bridge of communication between unfamiliar knowledge and familiar knowledge.

Lakoff defined metaphor as “knowing one thing about another”, which is the essence of learning.

knowledge

Concepts related to holistic learning

Rote memorization vs. holistic learning — memorization vs. linking things together to build networks of information.

Holistic learning is based on three main ideas:

  1. Structure: Structure is a series of closely related knowledge; (city)

  2. Models: Models are snapshots of structures that are simpler and easier to store; (Structural abstraction)

    Models take many forms, but the goal is always the same: to compress information.

  3. Expressway: the relationship between structures; (Highways between cities)

Stages and sequences of holistic learning:

Information structure (classification) :

Scott classifies information as follows. When learning new knowledge, he first determines which category the information mainly belongs to and then adopts corresponding processing methods.

Holistic learning techniques

The author also mentioned many times in the book that these techniques are useless if they are only understood without practice and practice. There are many “intellectual challenges” in the book, please refer to the original.

Part 1 Acquiring knowledge

1. Speed reading

  1. Finger reading

    Yeah, that’s the fingering you think it is.

  2. Practice reading

    Similar to the reading comprehension exercises we used to do, the purpose is to train yourself to understand what you are reading as quickly as possible.

  3. Active reading

    Emphasis is placed on a deep understanding of the material, similar to “intensive reading”, where you take notes for each small part you read.

    Active reading comes with three questions:

    • What are the main points of this part?

    • How can I remember the main points? (Connection, visualization and metaphor)

    • How to apply knowledge points to actual situations?

Second, note flow

Jot down the main points as briefly as possible (find the main points) and use arrows to connect them.

Part 2 Connect ideas

It mainly deals with difficult information (abstract information, arbitrary information, etc.) and critical information (which forms the basis of learning other knowledge).

A metaphor,

Build a bridge between unfamiliar knowledge and familiar knowledge.

Second, internalization

Knowledge is associated with a variety of senses, such as vision (a mental image), hearing, touch, and emotion.

Three, simplified diagram method

Compress multiple pieces of information into a single diagram. You can use flow charts (steps, brain maps), concept maps (knowledge points and connections) and doodles.

Part 3 Random information processing

First, association method

Connect a series of knowledge points together, just like a chain. Once you enter one link in the chain, you can easily reach the other links in the chain.

Two, hook method

Build your own basic dictionary of numbers, then connect the information you want to remember to those numbers, and then go to the dictionary and make up a short story about what the numbers mean. (This is so convoluted as a mnemonic device that I doubt anyone actually uses it this way)

Information compression technology

A method of storing large amounts of arbitrary information. The goal is to simplify the information and find logical relationships.

Three ways:

  • Mnemonics — a method of storing several pieces of information in a single phrase or word.

    Use the first letters of each word to form a simple, universal phrase or word.

  • Graphic connections – I feel the same way about the “schematic method” mentioned above.

  • Note compression – Compress a lot of information into a few pages of notes in an attempt to master a large amount of material quickly.

    Use small words to write down the main knowledge points and the important content associated with them, combined with the schematic diagram.

Part 4 Knowledge expansion

First, practical application

Always try to apply knowledge to practice, you will remember better.

For example, to quickly find what you want in a pile, consider using dichotomy.

Second, model error correction

Identify and correct problems in practice and practice.

Project-based learning

Set an appropriately sized goal, plan, and learn around it.

Some suggestions from the authors:

  1. Don’t aim too big, try a 1-3 month project;

  2. Keeping a record of your progress and progress, and looking at the work you’ve done, can reinforce information and the desire to continue;

  3. Make your goals meaningful.

Feynman skills

I don’t think it’s in the Original English, but I think it’s important.

In short, that is, if you want to explain this knowledge point to a small white, with as concise as possible to let him understand, if there is a place do not know how to express, then go back to understand it.

It reminds me of a sentence I don’t know where to read: “If you understand what I say, it means I have mastered it, not you.”

Also remembered whether Hua Luogeng often use this way…

Transcendental holistic learning

One, efficient secrets

Second, educate yourself

Some online resources for self-education:

  • MIT OpenCourseWare
  • EHow.com
  • FreeEd.net
  • Portal to Free Online Courses

Books and Websites

There are many books mentioned in the book. In the last section of the third part, some efficient and relevant websites and books are listed as follows:

books

  • Breakthrough Rapid Reading
  • The metaphor we live by
  • Getting Things Done
  • The Power of Full Engagement
  • Zen To Done
  • How to Become a Straight-A Student
  • How to Win at College

The url

  • ScottHYoung.com
  • ZenHabits.net
  • Lifehack.org
  • PickTheBrain.com
  • StudyHacks
  • StevePavlina.com

reference

  • Book.douban.com/subject/257…
  • Book.douban.com/subject/116…
  • www.zhihu.com/question/20…
  • www.scotthyoung.com/blog/myproj…
  • www.scotthyoung.com/
  • www.zhihu.com/question/23…
  • www.zhihu.com/pub/book/11…
  • www.scotthyoung.com/blog/2008/0…