What is TCP/IP?

“This article focuses on the TCP/IP protocol family”

The common understanding of TCP/IP may be a single protocol, but it is not. TCP/IP is a family of protocols that are responsible for all aspects of the protocol. Simply put, TCP/IP is a general name of the protocol group that must be used for communication over IP.

The Internet is a fusion of many network communication technologies, and TCP/IP is an extremely important part of it.

In the 1970s, an organization in ARPANET developed TCP/IP and formally confirmed the specific specification of TCP/IP in 1982. Unix was the first to implement the TCP/IP protocol.

IP, ICMP, TCP, UDP, and HTTP belong to THE TCP/IP protocol. They are closely related to TCP or IP, the generic name for these protocols, and are also known as the TCP/IP protocol family.

To facilitate standardization of protocols, ISO designated an international standard, the OSI. OSI is divided into seven layers, each with its own functions, and TCP belongs to the fourth transport layer.

TCP stands for Transmission Control Protocol. As the name of transmission and control, it can fully carry out transmission control, it can automatically detect and resend packets when they are lost, and it can sort and splicing packets out of order (SEQ, ACK). At the same time, TCP is a connection-oriented protocol, which is different from UDP in that it must establish a connection with the other party before further data exchange.

Data may be damaged, lost, repeated, or disorganized during transmission. TCP implements reliable transmission through checksum, sequence number, acknowledgement, resend control, connection management, and window control.

TCP establishes connections, sends data, and disconnects connections based on application requirements. TCP provides reliable transmission of sequential data sent from the application layer to the peer end.

• TCP: Transmission Control Protocol

• IP: Internet Protocol Indicates the Internet Protocol

• UDP: User Datagram Protocol Indicates the User Datagram Protocol

• HTTP: HyperText Transfer Protocol

• SMTP: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

• FTP: File Transfer Protocol File Transfer Protocol

• Telnet: Standard protocol for Internet remote login services

• SNMP: Simple Network Management Protocol Simple Network Management Protocol

• ICMP: Internet Control Message Protocol Indicates the Internet Control Message Protocol

• ARP: Address Resolution Protocol Indicates the Address Resolution Protocol

• RIP: Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is a dynamic Routing Protocol

• OSPF: Open Shortest Path First Open Shortest Path First

• BGP: Border Gateway Protocol Border Gateway Protocol

• ARPANET: Advanced Research Projects Agency Network

• ISO: International Organization for Standardization

• OSI: Open communication Systems Interconnection reference model

• RFC: Request For Comment is a series of numbered files that include almost all Internet standards