A simple introduction

The Requests library is an easy-to-use HTTP library

 　　

A Get request

Format: requests. Get (url)

Note: If you need to pass the request parameters, you can directly pass the? You can also call get() with an extra parameter params, passing in the request parameter in dict format. As shown in the figure below

 1     url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8888/passport/user/login'
 2     param = {
 3         'username': '123',
 4         'password': '321'
 5     }
 6 
 7     """通过params传参"""
 8     res = requests.get(url, params=param)
 9     # {'code': 200, 'msg': 'success', 'password': '321', 'username': '123'}
10     print(res.json())
11 
12     """通过params方式传参,最终发出的url也是一致的"""
13     # http://127.0.0.1:8888/passport/user/login?username=123&password=321
14     print(res.url)
15 
16     """通过url最后加上请求参数列表"""
17     url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8888/passport/user/login?username=123&password=321'
18     res = requests.get(url, verify=False)
19     # {'code': 200, 'msg': 'success', 'password': '321', 'username': '123'}
20     print(res.text)
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Important: The RES that sends the request assignment can be thought of as the context of the request, and can be used to retrieve both request-related and response-related parameter values

 

A Post request

Format: requests. Post (url, data)

Note: If there is no request parameter, do not pass data; When the request parameters are passed in, the dict format is required

2 data = {1 url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8888/passport/user/post_login' 3 'username' : '123', 4 'password' : 7 res = requests. Post (url, data=data) 9 # {'code': 200, 'MSG ': 'success', 'password': '321', 'username': '123'} 10 print (res) json ()) 11 12 "to view the request url" "" "" 13 # http://127.0.0.1:8888/passport/user/post_login 14 print (res) url)Copy the code

 

Other Types of requests

1     r = requests.put('http://httpbin.org/put', data={'key': 'value'}).text
2     r = requests.delete('http://httpbin.org/delete').text
3     r = requests.head('http://httpbin.org/head').text
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Customize headers and cookies

Custom headers "" "" 1 "" 2 url = 'https://api.github.com/some/endpoint' 3 headers = {' the user-agent: 1 r = requests. Get (url, headers=headers) 2 # {'message': 'Not Found', 'documentation_URL ': 'https://developer.github.com/v3'} 7 print (r.j son (), 8 and 9 "custom cookies" "" "" "10 url = 'http://httpbin.org/cookies' 11 cookies = dict(cookies_are='working') 12 cookies2 = {'cookies_are': 'working'} 13 14 r = requests.get(url, cookies=cookies) 15 # {'cookies': {'cookies_are': 'working'}} 16 print(r.json())Copy the code

 

SSL Certificate Verification

Verify =False; verify=False; verify=False; This is done to avoid the validation step

url = 'https://www.imooc.com'
res = requests.get(url, verify=False)
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Response content

Note: When calling json(), make sure the response content is a JSON-formatted string, otherwise an error will be reported

1 url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8888/passport/user/login' param = {2 3 'username' : '123', 4 'password' : 5} 6 res = requests. Get (url, params=param) 7 print(' request url: '+ res.url) 8 print(' request url:') '+ json.dumps(res.json())) 9 print(' dumps' string format:' + res.text) Print (' STR (res.status_code) ')Copy the code

 

Access to the header

Note that the key in headers is case insensitive

>>> r.headers['Content-Type']
'application/json'

>>> r.headers.get('content-type')
'application/json'
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To get the cookies

>>> r.cookies['example_cookie_name']
'example_cookie_value'
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