This is the seventh day of my participation in the August More text Challenge. For details, see:August is more challenging

Ls: lists directories

Ls-a Displays hidden files

Ls -l Displays long files (displays details) is the same as ll

The file size is shown in bytes

Ls-lh Converts the file size to the corresponding unit

Ls-lrt is sorted by time

Mkdir: creates a new directory

Creating the China directory

Mkdir -p Creates a recursive directory

CD: Switch the directory

CD Directory Go to the directory

. Indicates the parent directory. Indicates the current directoryCopy the code

PWD: Displays the current directory

Rmdir: deletes an empty directory

Cp: copies files or directories

== You can copy multiple files or change the file name == == Focus on -r -p==

Mv: Move files and directories, or modify the name of files and directories (cut)

== You can cut multiple files, or you can cut and change the file name ==

Rm: removes a file or directory

rm source target
Copy the code

Options and Parameters:

  • -f: indicates force. The file that does not exist is ignored and no warning message is displayed.
  • -i: interactive mode. Before deleting, it will ask the user whether to take action
  • -r: Delete recursively! Most commonly used in directory deletion! Very dangerous option!!

== Do not run the rm -rf command on the server. The command will delete all files. Delete library run command. Don’t remember it. = =

Rm -rf * : deletes all files in the current directory

Touch creates a command with Spaces (not recommended)

How to delete files with Spaces in the filename? Double quotation marks are required, which is why creating files with Spaces is not recommended

Cat tac more less tail Refer to Blog.csdn.net/lingyiwin/a…

Tac is the reverse of CAT. Tac is the reverse of cat. When NL is displayed, the line number is output by the way! Less is similar to more, but better than more, it can turn the page forward! Head Look only at the first few lines. Tail Look only at the tail lines. You can run the man [command] to view the usage document of each command, for example, man cp.

Linux soft link and hard link ln command

Ln [parameter][Source file or directory][Destination file or directory]Copy the code

Necessary parameters:

  • -b Deletes and overwrites the previously established link
  • -d Allows the superuser to make hard links to directories
  • -f Indicates mandatory execution
  • -i Indicates the interactive mode. If the file exists, the system prompts the user whether to overwrite the file
  • -n Treats symbolic links as general directories
  • -s soft link (symbolic link)
  • -v Displays the detailed processing process

Soft links: Acts as shortcuts

  • 1. Soft links exist in the form of paths. This is similar to the shortcut in Windows
  • 2. A soft link can cross file systems, but a hard link cannot
  • 3. A soft link can link to a file name that does not exist
  • 4. Soft links link directories

Hard links: Can be thought of as backups

  • 1. A hard link exists as a copy of a file. But it doesn’t take up real space.
  • 2. Do not create hard links for directories
  • 3. A hard link can be created only in the same file system
  • 4. Synchronize updates
  • 5. You cannot create hard links across partitions

== Hard link Sharing an I node Run the ls -i command to view the functions of the hard link and source file on the same I node. = =